With the continuous development of global marine resources, deep-sea net cage aquaculture, as a new type of aquaculture model in marine fisheries, has gradually become an important way to improve the yield and quality of aquatic products. Compared to traditional offshore aquaculture, deep-sea cage aquaculture can utilize a wider sea area, reduce the risk of environmental pollution and disease transmission, and improve the quality of aquaculture products. However, with the large-scale development of deep-sea aquaculture, how to achieve sustainable, efficient, and intelligent aquaculture models in complex deep-sea environments has become an important research topic. This article will explore the high-tech theoretical research of deep-sea net cage aquaculture, covering aspects such as automation monitoring, environmental adaptability technology, and innovation of deep-sea aquaculture facilities. 1、 Technical challenges of deep-sea net cage aquaculture 1 The environmental adaptability and aquaculture facilities of deep-sea environments are complex and varied, and changes in factors such as water depth, water flow, and temperature make deep-sea cage aquaculture face more severe technical challenges. Firstly, high water flow velocity, significant tidal changes, and frequent climate changes pose high requirements for the structure and stability of aquaculture facilities. Therefore, developing deep-sea net cage materials that can resist strong currents, corrosion, and wind waves is crucial. In recent years, the design of net cages using new composite materials, reinforced steel structures, and polymer synthetic materials has become an important direction to solve this problem. 2. Water quality monitoring and automation control: Deep sea cage aquaculture is usually located in waters far from the shore, so monitoring and management of water quality are particularly important. Currently, intelligent water quality monitoring systems have become one of the core technologies in the aquaculture industry. Through sensors and IoT technology, important indicators such as dissolved oxygen, temperature, pH value, salinity, and ammonia nitrogen in water can be monitored in real time. By combining artificial intelligence algorithms, the breeding environment can be automatically adjusted to optimize the growth conditions of fish and prevent the occurrence of diseases. 3. Monitoring the health of marine organisms and managing the health of fish in deep-sea aquaculture is key to achieving sustainable development. The complexity of deep-sea environments makes fish vulnerable to diseases such as bacteria, viruses, and parasites. In recent years, technologies based on genomics and molecular biology have been applied to the prevention and monitoring of aquaculture diseases. For example, through the study of fish genomes, it is possible to accurately identify pathogens that fish are susceptible to and develop corresponding vaccines or drugs. In addition, deep-sea aquaculture can also use remote sensing technology and drones to conduct regular inspections of the aquaculture area, timely detect signs of diseases and intervene. 2、 Application of High Technology in Deep Sea Cage Aquaculture 1 Unmanned systems and automation technology are difficult to operate manually in deep-sea cage aquaculture due to the distance from the shore. Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) and unmanned underwater vehicles (ROVs), as high-tech means, have been widely used in the field of deep-sea aquaculture. Drones can be used for tasks such as cruise monitoring, feeding, and drug delivery, while unmanned submersibles are used for real-time monitoring of deep-sea environments and facility maintenance. In addition, the development of automatic feeding systems has made fish feeding more precise, reduced the frequency of manual operations, and improved aquaculture efficiency. 2. The application of artificial intelligence (AI) and big data technology in deep-sea cage aquaculture is becoming increasingly widespread. By collecting and analyzing data on marine environment, fish growth, and water quality, AI can optimize aquaculture management decisions in real-time. For example, machine learning algorithms can predict the growth rate of fish, automatically adjust feeding amounts, and effectively avoid risks caused by environmental changes. In addition, data from deep-sea aquaculture systems can also be connected to cloud platforms to form a comprehensive data circulation and management system, enhancing aquaculture efficiency and scientific decision-making. 3. Intelligent breeding monitoring platform The intelligent breeding monitoring platform integrates various advanced technologies such as the Internet of Things, sensors, artificial intelligence, etc., and can monitor the entire breeding process in real time. These platforms can not only monitor the growth of fish schools, but also detect the condition of aquaculture facilities, such as whether the net cages are damaged and whether the floating is normal. When the system detects an abnormal situation, it can automatically sound an alarm and provide maintenance recommendations. Through these platforms, aquaculture managers can stay informed about the breeding situation at any time through their mobile phones or computers in places far away from the breeding area, thereby improving management efficiency. 3、 Research on the Sustainability of Deep Sea Cage Aquaculture 1 The expansion of deep-sea net cage aquaculture for environmental protection and ecological balance may have an impact on the marine ecosystem. Therefore, when studying deep-sea net cage aquaculture, its ecological impact must be considered. By controlling feeding rates, strengthening pollution management, and adopting organic farming methods, pollution to the marine environment can be reduced. In recent years, many researchers have been studying how to reduce environmental burden by enhancing the biodegradability of net cage structures and applying ecological aquaculture models. In addition, deep-sea cage aquaculture also needs to maintain good coordination with the surrounding marine ecosystem to promote the protection of marine biodiversity. 2. Resource utilization and energy management: Deep sea cage aquaculture requires a significant amount of energy, especially in areas such as automation systems, monitoring systems, and feeding systems. Therefore, how to supply power through renewable energy sources such as ocean energy, wind energy, etc. has become an important research direction. By utilizing natural resources such as ocean waves and tides, not only can energy self-sufficiency be achieved, but carbon emissions and energy costs during aquaculture can also be reduced.